常规信息

• 别名
  • GRB1
  • MGC142161
  • MGC142163

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• 相关性Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) phosphorylate phosphatidylinositols (PIs) at their 3´ OH position generating lipid second messengers and thereby regulate numerous biological processes including cell growth, differentiation, survival, proliferation, migration and metabolism. On the basis of structural similarities and substrate specificity, the PI3K family can be subdivided into three classes termed I, II, and III. All human class I members are heterodimers consisting of a catalytic subunit (MW approx. 110 kDa) and a non-catalytic subunit (MW 50, 55, 85, or 101 kDa) and are known to phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylinositol-4-mono-phosphate (PIP) and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) in vitro. The class I members can be further subdivided into class IA and IB PI3Ks. Class IA exists in three isoforms (p110alpha, p110beta and p110delta whereas the only class IB member is termed p110gamma. Class IA PI3Ks are activated by adaptor proteins such as Ras or BCAP, or tyrosine-kinase-associated receptors including antigen, co-stimulatory and cytokine receptors (e.g. CD19, CD28, Insulin receptor, EGFR, and PDGFR). p110gamma is activated by G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Effectors of class I PI3Ks are pleckstrin homology domain proteins such as Akt/PKB, BTK, TEC, ITK, BAM32, and small GTPases (e.g. Cdc42, Rac, or Ras). The action of PI3Ks is regulated by the phosphatidylinositol- 3,4,5-trisphosphate phosphatases SHIP and PTEN.